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by Dr Umang Khanna (BHMS)
Hematuria refers to the presence of blood in the urine, as defined as more than 5 to 10 red blood cells per high-power field (RBC/hpf). A urine dipstick analysis is a highly sensitive measure for detection of blood, but it lacks specificity. This translates into a large number of false positives, in which case, the urine dipstick is positive, but microscopy reveals fewer than 5 to 10 RBC/hpf. This particular combination can be seen in the following benign or pathologic circumstances:
1. Ingestion of certain foods: beets, blackberries, food coloring
2. Ingestion of certain medications: chloroquine, ibuprofen, iron, sorbitol, nitrofurantoin, phenazopyridine, urates or rifampin (which often produces orange urine)
3. Hemoglobinuria: often in the setting of hemolytic anemia
4. Myoglobinuria: related to muscle damage (rhabdomyolysis), often after vigorous exercise or trauma
5. Urinary tract infection: secondary to the action of bacterial peroxidases on the dipstick
6. Delay in reading urine dipstick after submersion in urine
Given the large number of situations in which a positive dipstick may not represent true hematuria, all urine samples that test positive on dipstick analysis must be sent for microscopy to confirm hematuria. This applies in the setting of gross hematuria (where the urine may appear red, pink, amber, tea-colored, or brown) or with routine dipstick screening at well-child examinations.
Cantharis is commonly used for hematuria accompanied by intense burning pain during urination. It is useful when the blood is mixed with urine and there is a strong urge to urinate, often with little result.
Key symptoms: Burning and stinging pain during urination, frequent urge to urinate, and a sensation of urgency.
Berberis Vulgaris is particularly useful when hematuria is associated with kidney stones or renal colic. The pain is often sharp and radiates to the back or along the ureters.
Key symptoms: Pain in the back or groin, blood in the urine with or without pain, and frequent urination with a sensation of obstruction.
Lycopodium is often recommended for hematuria with a sensation of fullness or pressure in the bladder or lower abdomen. It is particularly indicated when the blood appears after urination or with a weak stream of urine.
Key symptoms: Weakness, especially after urination, bloating, and a tendency to pass small amounts of urine frequently.
Terebinthina is indicated for hematuria with dark, bloody urine, especially when the blood is mixed with a strong, offensive odor. It is often used when there is a history of urinary tract infection or irritation.
Key symptoms: Dark, turbid urine with an offensive smell, pain or burning sensation in the urinary tract.
Apis is useful for hematuria associated with swelling or inflammation of the urinary tract, often seen in conditions like cystitis or nephritis. The urine may be dark or contain blood with a sensation of burning and stinging.
Key symptoms: Swelling and puffiness, especially around the eyes or lower abdomen, and a frequent desire to urinate with little output.
Arnica is indicated when hematuria occurs after physical trauma, injury, or surgery. It is used when the blood is present in the urine due to bruising or internal bleeding.
Key symptoms: Pain and discomfort after trauma, bruising, and a feeling of soreness or injury to the affected area.
Equisetum is often prescribed for hematuria with frequent, painful urination, particularly when there is a sensation of fullness in the bladder or urinary tract. It is helpful when blood in the urine is accompanied by burning or stinging.
Key symptoms: Frequent urination, pain in the bladder region, and dark, bloody urine.
Sarsaparilla is helpful for hematuria with painful urination, particularly when the pain is located at the end of urination or is felt after the stream stops. It is often useful for cases involving kidney stones or irritation of the urinary tract.
Key symptoms: Pain or burning toward the end of urination, blood in the urine, and a sensation of incomplete voiding.
This remedy is often used for hematuria associated with kidney stones or bladder stones. It is beneficial when there is a constant urge to urinate with burning pain and blood in the urine.
Key symptoms: Stone-like pain, a feeling of pressure in the lower abdomen, and frequent urination with blood.
Natrum Muriaticum is indicated when hematuria is accompanied by emotional stress, grief, or suppressed emotions. It is used when there is a history of chronic urinary issues with blood in the urine.
Key symptoms: Hematuria with emotional stress or depression, chronic urinary issues, and a tendency to avoid expressing emotions.
Chimaphila is often used when there is blood in the urine due to cystitis, nephritis, or infections of the urinary tract. It is particularly effective when there is frequent urination with pain and blood in the urine.
Key symptoms: Frequent, painful urination, burning sensation, and blood in the urine with a feeling of incomplete bladder emptying.
Staphysagria is useful when hematuria is associated with irritation or inflammation of the bladder and urethra, particularly in cases of post-surgical or post-infection trauma.
Key symptoms: Blood in the urine, especially following emotional stress or irritation, with a sensation of fullness and heaviness in the bladder.
Iodium is often prescribed when there is chronic hematuria due to kidney disease or a progressive condition involving the kidneys or urinary system. The blood in the urine may be accompanied by fatigue or weakness.
Key symptoms: Chronic hematuria, weight loss, excessive thirst, and fatigue, often with a sensation of weakness.
Nux Vomica is recommended for hematuria associated with a sedentary lifestyle, overuse of stimulants (alcohol, caffeine), or after overexertion. It may also help when the blood is accompanied by a feeling of pressure or fullness in the lower abdomen.
Key symptoms: Irritability, discomfort in the abdomen or bladder, and blood in the urine, often linked to lifestyle factors.
Mercurius Solubilis is useful in cases of hematuria with a history of infections, especially when there is inflammation, excessive salivation, and bad breath. It is helpful for blood in the urine caused by chronic or recurrent infections.
Key symptoms: Profuse sweat, bad odor, irritability, and blood in the urine, often with a feeling of burning and soreness in the urinary tract.
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This clinic is not about giving medicines. This clinic is about curing with medicines rapidly, gently and permanently to the whole extent in the shortest, most reliable and most harmless way.